The answer is a complicated one as while it is at its heart a work of fiction created by David Weil, there is a lot of truth incorporated into it.
For instance, there were a number high-ranking Nazi fugitives who fled Germany after World War Two, many of whom went to South America.
This being said, some did make their way into the US, according to a report published in 2010, which ruled the country had created a “safe haven” for them after the war.
According to the New York Times, the Justice Department report revealed a number of high-ranking officials had been living in the country.
As well as this, the harrowing depiction of the Holocaust in the series was in part drawn from the creator’s family history.
