A ‘train’ showing dozens of SpaceX Starlink satellites have been spotted from the UK by amateur astronomers.
The Elon Musk owned company launched the first 60 of its ‘constellation’ of internet satellites in May 2019 with another 60 sent to space in November.
A video showing the small satellites flying above the Peak District in Derbyshire was shared on Twitter by research scientist Tom Sparrow.
Others have shared photos showing the small white dots lining up together over the top of houses, hills and trees across the UK.
Stephen Frampton said he saw them over Stafford and he ‘counted 13 in a line all moving together in the same direction’.
Bob Pritchard tweeted; ‘Nearly crashed my car looking at a stream of maybe half a dozen lights, starting on the horizon, spread evenly overhead’.
Astrophysicist Das Baskill said to spot them ‘just look for a line of dots, one after another after another after another…’
Tom Sparrow, who filmed the satellites told the BBC they were ‘quite a spectacle’.
‘It is an odd sight, I knew they form a train so when I saw two I knew what it was.
‘If you’ve ever seen the International Space Station go over, it’s probably of equal brightness at the moment.’
Vicky Simpson took to the Astronomy UK Facebook page to say she saw them over Lincolnshire. She said: ‘It’s the first time I’ve seen them- even my 22 and 17 year old girls were mesmerised.’
A ‘train’ showing dozens of SpaceX Starlink satellites have been spotted from the UK by amateur astronomers. You can just see the white dots in this picture by Vicky Simpson
Astronomers have dubbed plans for a high-speed global internet a ‘tragedy’ as the thousands of new satellites required will get in the way of key scientific observations.
January will see SpaceX’s Starlink begin a drive to place 60 new satellites at a time into orbit every few weeks — aiming for around 1,500 by the end of 2020.
These ‘mega-constellations’ of satellites are intended to beam internet to the ground from low-earth orbit, with the potential to offer coverage in even remote regions.
A number of Brits took to social media to comment on the ‘bright train of lights’ including Vicky Simpson who said her daughters were mesmerised by the sight
Meanwhile, UK firm OneWeb are planning to send up between 650–2,000 satellites and Amazon a constellation of 3,200 orbiting craft.
The launch of the first chain of 60 Starlink satellites in May already started causing problems for astronomers, who said the bright objects were outshining the stars.
The development is seen as a new headache for researchers who already have to find workarounds to deal with objects cluttering their images of deep space.
Furthermore, the orbiting satellites can also interfere with the workings of ground-baaed radio telescopes that experts use to see more distant phenomena.
According to University of Leicester astrophysicist Martin Barstow, however, some of the issues generated by the planned constellations could be addressed.
‘The numbers of satellites do sound frightening, but actually space is big — so when you superimpose them all on the sky, the density of these things is not going to be very large,’ he explained.
‘And because the satellites have known positions, you can mitigate. A satellite is going to be a dot in an image and it might appear as a transient burst of light – but you will know about it and can remove it from the image.’
‘It will cost effort and work for observatories to deal with it, but it can be done.’
January will see SpaceX’s Starlink begin a drive to place 60 new satellites at a time into orbit every few weeks — aiming for around 1,500 by the end of 2020. You can see the ‘train’ of satellites in the sky over Derbyshire in this image
University of Alabama astronomer Bill Keel told the AFP that the sighting of the first Starlink satellite train had experts trying to extrapolate what effect artificial constellations of such steady brightness might have as they grow in number.
Fears developed, he said, that ‘in 20 years or less, for a good part the night anywhere in the world, the human eye would see more satellites than stars.’
The brightness of the Starlink satellites dimmed as they ascended to their final orbiting altitude of around 340 miles (550 kilometres) above the Earth’s surface and stabilised their orientations.
However, this did not entirely allayed the scientific community’s concerns, with fears as to how views of the night sky will be impacted with SpaceX’s plans to increase the number of orbiting satellites from 60 to 12,000 over the next five years.
There are currently 2,100 active satellites orbiting our planet, according to the Satellite Industry Association — and SpaceX is not the only company looking to enter the burgeoning space internet market.
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has offered contradictory messages on Twitter in response to the concern.
Elon Musk’s Starlink project recently placed 60 satellites in low-Earth orbit as they look to beam high-speed internet down to the Earth’s surface, but plans envisage increasing the artificial constellation to 12,000 satellites by 2025
Despite reporting he had already taken steps to investigate ways to reduce the reflectivity of the Starlink satellites, Mr Musk also said that ‘Starlink won’t be seen by anyone unless looking very carefully’.
The satellite constellation ‘will have ~0% impact on advancements in astronomy’ and we ‘need to move telescopes to orbit anyway,’ he added.
While SpaceX cares ‘a great deal about science’, the work to give ‘billions of economically disadvantaged people’ high-speed internet access through the Starlink network ‘is the greater good,’ he wrote.
Responding to Mr Musk’s comments, Professor Keel said that he was happy that the SpaceX CEO had offered to look into ways to reduce the reflectivity of future satellites, but questioned why the issue had not been addressed before.
If optical astronomers are concerned, then their radio astronomy colleagues are ‘in near despair,’ Professor Keel added.
Radio astronomers rely on the electromagnetic waves emitted by celestial objects to examine cosmic phenomena — such as the black hole that was imaged in April 2019.
So-called ‘side emissions’ generated by satellite operators can interfere with the observation bands that radio astronomers are looking out for if not adequately mitigated.
‘There’s every reason to join our radio astronomy colleagues in calling for a “before” response,’ said Professor Keel.
‘It’s not just safeguarding our professional interests but, as far as possible, protecting the night sky for humanity.’
